英语写作中的过渡词

汉语文章的组织靠的是意合，即句子与句子之间的联系靠的是句子意义的本身，句子的连接很少使用太多的连接词;而英语文章的组织靠的是形合，句子的连接离不开过渡词。下面是YJBYS小编为大家搜索整理的关于英语写作中的过渡词，供参考阅读，希望对你有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们应届毕业生培训网!

过渡词是一种关系指引词，其作用是连接上下文，使文章保持连贯、自然、通顺。过渡词可以用于句子与句子之间的连接，还可以用于段落与段落之间的连接。当句子进入语段、语段进入语篇时，往往需要用一些连接手段把句子和句子、语段和语段，有时甚至是段落与段落连接起来，使它们之间建立起各种各样的语义关系，并使整个语篇在意义上具有连贯性。根据章振邦的划分，英语的衔接手段主要分为三大类：过渡词衔接、词汇纽带和语法照应。我们在此主要讨论过渡词连接。

过渡词的使用是保证段落或文章连贯的重要手段之一，同时也是英语写作中应注意的一个关键问题。本德(Bander)曾在其著作《美国英语修辞》(American English Rhetoric)中高度概括了写作中使用过渡词的重要性，认为“有两个技巧比学任何其它的更能增强英语写作技能：其一是使用过渡连接词;其二是使用从属关系”。

夸克(Quirk)等人把过渡词分为13大类：(1)列举类;(2)强势类;(3) 对等类;(4) 转折类;(5) 总结类;(6) 同位类;(7)结果类;(8)推论类;(9)重述类;(10)替换类;(11)对立类;(12)让步类;(13)时间转换类。蔡基刚将过渡词分为11类：举例、比较、对照、让步、原因、结果、强调、递进、结论、时间和空间。

我们立足于教学，从方便实用的`角度出发，综合以上学者的成果，将过渡词按语义划分为以下最常见的几种类型：(一)表示添加信息：and， also， too， furthermore，besides， moreover， in addition， what is more等;( 二) 表示因果关系：because， for， for this reason， because of， since， as a result， thus，therefore， so， consequently， of course， accordingly等;( 三) 表示文章意义的转折或对比：although， however， on the contrary， still， but，otherwise， despite， nevertheless， though， in fact， on the other hand， asa matter of fact等;(四)表示文章中事件发生的时空顺序：first，second， third， after that， meanwhile， then， before， next， formerly， later，finally， in the end， at last等;( 五) 表示列举：firstly， secondly， forone thing…for another， first of all， to begin with， then， last等;(六)表示举例、解释：for example， for instance， that is， namely， to illustrate等;(七)表示总结：in short， to sum up， in conclusion， briefly， on thewhole， to conclude， to summarize等。下面我们逐一进行说明。

　　(一)表示添加，进一步说明或强调的过渡词

常用词：besides 此外，furthermore 此外，additionally 此外，inaddition 此外，in particular 特别地，moreover 此外，what is more 另外。例如：

① Now it’s time to become concerned with the future of ours. Inparticular， we must pay enough attention to the problem ofpollution.

② As this society looks to education highly， there is a sense ofdignity and pride in receiving a college education. In addition/Furthermore/Besides/What is more， I believe with a collegeeducation I can serve my fellow men and my country better.

　　(二)表示原因、理由和结果的过渡词

accordingly 于是，as a result 因此，because of 由于，consequently因此，due to 由于，thanks to 幸亏，for this reason 由于这个原因，hence因此，in this way 这样，therefore 因此，thus 因此。例如：

① Because of/Due to science， we now live safer， morecomfortable and convenient lives.

② Our standard of living today is much higher than it was before.

As a result， more and more people can afford their own housesand cars.

③ He was told to speak briefly; accordingly， he cut short hisremarks.

④ It is important to have good plans if we want to be successful.

In this way/So/For this reason/Because of this/Therefore/Asa result/Consequently， it is most important to have a goodbeginning whenever we want to accomplish something.

　　(三)表示比较或对比的过渡词

equally important 同样重要地，similarly 同样地，despite 纵使，in spite of 纵使，likewise 同样重要地，nevertheless 不过，conversely 相反地，on the contrary 相反地，on the other hand 另一方面。例如：

① Despite/In spite of all the heartaches and the difficulties， acollege education is still our best passport to success.

② If we lacked freedoms， people could not say what they felt.

On the other hand/Conversely， if we lacked laws， then societywould be disorderly and violent.

③ Jones’ case was dismissed. Similarly， so were the chargesagainst Smith.

④ Congress can pass a law and the President may signit. Never theless， the Supreme Cour t can declare i tunconstitutional.

　　(四)表示文章中事件发生的时空顺序

afterward 以后，at present 目前，at the same time 同时，currently 目前，in the meantime 同时，meanwhile 同时，lately 最近，recently 最近，since then... 之后，soon 不久，soon after 不久之后，today 现在。例如：

① At present/Currently/Today/Recently/Lately， more andmore people are realizing the importance of protecting ourenvironment.

② Meanwhile/In the meantime/At the same time， students shouldhave more free time for reading what they like to read.

③ Since then， people have become more and more interested inlearning English.

　　(五)表示列举的过渡词

First of all 首先;In the first place， …Second， ... Finally 首先……，第二……，第三……;Firstly， …Secondly， dly 第一……，第二……，第三……;At the very beginning， …Then， …

Finally，… 首先……其次……最后……;To begin with， …Next， …

Finally，… 首先……其次……最后……。

例如：

Our standard of living today is much higher than it wasbefore. But this does not mean that the spiritual quality of our liveshas also improved. What should we do?

First/First of all/In the first place， we must understand thatmoney can’t buy happiness. Don’t be a slave to it. Second， weshould spend time with friends and family. And third， we should findtime to listen to the birds sing， and see the beautiful scenery.